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PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 1 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated alternative 5w stereo audio amplifier description the PAM8406 is a 5w audio amplifier with an alternative option between class-d and class-ab output which makes PAM8406 very ideally for the applications efficiency-emi compatible. PAM8406 offers low thd+n, high snr allowing it to achieve high- quality sound reproduction. the fully differential output wi th new filter less architecture (class-d mode) a llows the device to drive the speaker directly, requiring no low-pass output filters and dc blocking capacitors, thus to save the system cost and pcb area. the efficiency of the PAM8406 is up to 90%. it can extend the battery life, ideally for portable applicati ons. the PAM8406 is fully protected against faults with short circuit protection and thermal protection. the PAM8406 is available in sop-16l/sop-16(ep) package. features ? alternative output: class-d or class-ab ? 5w output at 10% thd with a 2 ? load and 5v power supply at class-d mode ? 3w output at 10% thd with a 4 ? load and 5v power supply ? filterless, low quiescent current and no emi ? low thd+n at fully output range ? superior low noise ? efficiency up to 90% with class-d mode ? no pop at turn-on/off ? fully short circuit protection with auto recovery ? thermal shutdown ? few external components to save the space and cost ? sop-16l/sop-16(ep) package pin assignments applications ? lcd tvs ? mutimedia speakers ? am/fm system ? dabs typical applications circuit
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 2 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated pin descriptions pin number pin name function 1 +out_l left channel positive output 2 pgndl power gnd 3 -out_l left channel negative output 4 pvddl power vdd 5 mute mute control input (active low) 6 vdd analog vdd 7 inl left channel input 8 vref internal analog reference, connect a bypass capacitor from vref to gnd. 9 mode high: class-d; low: class-ab 10 inr right channel input 11 gnd analog gnd 12 shnd shutdown control input (active low) 13 pvddr power vdd 14 -out_r right channel negative output 15 pgndr power gnd 16 +out_r right channel positive output functional block diagram
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 3 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated absolute maximum ratings (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) these are stress ratings only and functional operation is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum ratings for prolonged time periods may affect device reliability. all voltages are with respect to ground. parameter rating unit supply voltage 6.0 v input voltage -0.3 to v dd +0.3v operation temperature range -40 to +85 c maximum junction temperature 150 operation junction temperature -40 to +125 storage temperature -65 to +150 soldering temperature 300, 5 sec recommended operating conditions (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) parameter rating unit supply voltage range 2.5 to 5.5 v operation temperature range -40 to +85 c junction temperature range -40 to +125 c thermal information parameter package symbol max unit thermal resistance (junction to ambient) sop-16 ja 110 c/w thermal resistance (junction to case) sop-16 jc 23
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 4 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = 24db, r l = 8 ? , both class-ab and d mode, unless otherwise specified.) symbol parameter test conditions min typ max units v dd supply voltage 2.5 5.5 v p o output power thd+n = 10%, f = 1khz, r l = 2 ? (class-d) v dd = 5.0v 5.0 w v dd = 3.6v 2.6 v dd = 2.5v 1.3 thd+n = 1%, f = 1khz, r l = 2 ? (class-d) v dd = 5.0v 4.0 w v dd = 3.6v 2.0 v dd = 2.5v 1.0 thd+n = 10%, f = 1khz, r l = 4 ? v dd = 5.0v 3.14 w v dd = 3.6v 1.5 v dd = 2.5v 0.76 thd+n = 1%, f = 1khz, r l = 4 ? v dd = 5.0v 2.55 w v dd = 3.6v 1.45 v dd = 2.5v 0.63 thd+n = 10%, f = 1khz, r l = 8 ? v dd = 5.0v 1.8 w v dd = 3.6v 0.92 v dd = 2.5v 0.44 thd+n = 1%, f = 1khz, r l = 8 ? v dd = 5.0v 1.6 w v dd = 3.6v 0.76 v dd = 2.5v 0.36 thd+n total harmonic distortion plus noise v dd = 5.0v, p o = 0.1w to 1w , r l = 8 ? f = 1khz 0.15 % v dd = 3.6v, p o = 0.05w to 0.5w, r l = 8 ? 0.11 v dd = 5.0v, p o = 0.1w to 2w, r l = 4 ? f = 1khz 0.15 % v dd = 3.6v, p o = 0.05w to 2w, r l = 4 ? 0.11 v dd = 5.0v, p o = 0.1w to 2w, r l = 2 ? (class-d) f = 1khz 0.15 % v dd = 3.6v, p o = 0.05w to 1w, r l = 2 ? (class-d) 0.11 g v closed loop gain v dd = 3v to 5v db psrr power supply ripple rejection v dd = 5.0v, inputs ac-grounded with c in = 0.47f f = 100hz -70 db f = 1khz -65 c s crosstalk v dd = 5.0v, p o = 0.5w, r l = 8 ? , g v = 24db f = 1khz -95 db snr signal-to-noise ratio v dd = 5.0v, thd = 1%, g v = 24db f = 1khz 90 db v n output noise v dd = 5.0v, inputs ac-grounded a-weighting 100 v no a-weighting 150 efficiency r l = 8 ? , thd = 10% class d mode f = 1khz 90 % r l = 4 ? , thd = 10% 85 r l = 2 ? , thd = 10% 80 i q quiescent current v dd = 5.0v no load 10 ma v dd = 3.6v 8 v dd = 2.5v 6 quiescent current v dd = 5.0v no load 25 ma v dd = 3.6v 15 v dd = 2.5v 10
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 5 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = 24db, r l = 8 ? , both class-ab and d mode, unless otherwise specified.) symbol parameter test conditions min typ max units i mute muting current v dd = 5.0v v mute = 0.3v 2.4 ma i sd shutdown current v dd = 2.5v to 5.5v v sd = 0.3v < 1 a r ds(on) static drain-to-source on-state resistor i ds = 500ma, v gs = 5v pmos 180 m ? nmos 140 f sw switching frequency v dd = 2.5v to 5.5v class-d 250 khz v os output offset voltage input ac-gnd, v dd = 5.0v 10 mv v ih enable input high voltage v dd = 5.0v 1.4 v v il enable input low voltage v dd = 5.0v 0.4 v ih mute input high voltage v dd = 5.0v 1.4 v v il mute input low voltage v dd = 5.0v 0.4 v ih mode input high voltage v dd = 5.0v 1.4 v v il mode input low voltage v dd = 5.0v 0.4 otp over temperature protection no load, junction temperature v dd = 5.0v 150 c oth over temperature hysterisis 30
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 6 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = 24db, r l = 8 ? , both class-ab and d mode, unless otherwise specified.)
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 7 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = 24db, r l = 8 ? , both class-ab and d mode, unless otherwise specified.)
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 8 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = 24db, r l = 8 ? , both class-ab and d mode, unless otherwise specified.)
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 9 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated application information application note 1. when the PAM8406 works in class-d with lc filters, it shoul d be connected with the speaker before it's powered on, otherwise it will be damaged easily. 2. when the PAM8406 works without lc filters, it's better to add a ferrite chip bead at the outgoing line of speaker for suppre ssing the possible electromagnetic interference. 3. the recommended operating voltage is 5.5v. when the PAM8406 is powered with four battery cells, it should be noted that the voltage of four new dry or alkaline batteries is over 6.0v, higher than its operation voltage, which will probably damage the device. there fore, it's recommended to use either four ni-mh (nickel metal hy dride) rechargeable batteries or 3 dry or alkaline batteries. 4. one should not make the input signal too large. large signal can cause the clipping of output signal when increasing the vol ume. this will damage the device because of big gain of the PAM8406. test setup for performance testing notes: 1. the ap aux-0025 low pass filter is necessary for class-d amplifier measurement with ap analyzer. 2. two 22 h inductors are used in series with load resistor to emulate the small speake r for efficiency measurement. maximum gain as shown in block diagram (page 2), the PAM8406 has two internal amplifier stages. the first stage's gain is externally configu rable, while the second stage's is internally fixed. the closed-loop gain of the first stage is set by selecting the ratio of r f to r i while the second stage's gain is fixed at 2x.the output of amplifier 1 serves as the input to amplifier 2, thus the two amplifiers produce signals identical in magnitude, but different in phase by 180. consequently, the differential gain for the ic is a vd = 20*log [2*(r f /r i )] the PAM8406 sets maximum r f =142k ? , minimum r i =18k ? , so the maximum closed-gain is 24db. mode selection when mode pin high, it features class-d; mode pin low, it?s class ab. mode pin can?t be floating. mute operation the mute pin is an input for controlling the output state of the PAM8406. a logic low on this pin disabl es the outputs, and a logic hig h on this pin enables the outputs. this pin may be used as a quick disable or enable of the outputs without a volume fade. quiescent current is listed in the electrical characte ristic table. the mute pin can be left floating due to the internal pull-up. shutdown operation in order to reduce power consumption while not in use, the pam8 406 contains shutdown circuitry to turn off the amplifier's bias circuitry. this shutdown feature turns the amplifier off when logic low is appli ed to the shdn pin. by switching the shdn pin connected to gnd, the PAM8406 supply current draw will be minimized in idle mode. the shdn pin can be left floating due to the internal pull-up.
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 10 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (cont.) power supply decoupling the PAM8406 is a high performance cmos audio amplifier that r equires adequate power supply decoupling to ensure the output thd and psrr as low as possible. power supply decoupling affects low fr equency response. optimum decoupling is achieved by using two ca pacitors of different types targeting to different types of noise on the power supply leads. for higher frequency transients, spikes, or di gital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series resistance (esr) ceramic capacitor, typically 1.0 f, works best, placing it as cl ose as possible to the device v dd terminal. for filtering lower frequency noise signals, a large capacitor of 20 f (ceramic) or greater is reco mmended, placing it near the audio power amplifier. input capacitor (c i ) large input capacitors are both expensive and space hungry for portable des igns. clearly, a certain sized capacitor is needed t o couple in low frequencies without severe attenuation. but in many cases the spea kers used in portable systems, whether internal or external, have little ability to reproduce signals below 100hz to 150hz. thus, using a large input capacitor may not increase actual system performance. in t his case, input capacitor (c i ) and input resistance (r i ) of the amplifier form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency determined by equation below, c r 2 1 f i i c ? ? in addition to system cost and size, click and pop performance is affected by the size of the input coupling capacitor, c i . a larger input coupling capacitor requires more charge to reach its quiescent dc voltage (nominally 1/2 v dd ). this charge comes from the internal circuit via the feedback and is apt to create pops upon device enable. thus, by mi nimizing the capacitor size ba sed on necessary low frequency response, turn-on pops can be minimized. analog reference bypass capacitor (c byp ) the analog reference bypass capacitor (c byp ) is the most critical capacitor and serves severa l important functions. during start-up or recovery from shutdown mode, c byp determines the rate at which the amplifier starts up. the second function is to reduc e noise caused by the power supply coupling into the output drive signal. this noise is from the internal analog reference to the amplifier, which appears as degraded psrr and thd+n. a ceramic bypass capacitor (c byp ) with values of 0.47 f to 1.0 f is recommended for the best thd and noise performance. increasing the bypass capacitor reduces clicking and popping noise from power on/off and entering and leaving shutdown. under voltage lock-out (uvlo) the PAM8406 incorporates circuitry designed to detect low supply voltage. when the supply voltage drops to 2.0v or below, the p am8406 outputs are disabled, and the device comes out of this state and starts to normal function when v dd 2.2v. short circuit protection (scp) the PAM8406 has short circuit protection circ uitry on the outputs to prevent damage to the device when output-to-output or outp ut-to-gnd short occurs. when a short circuit is detected on the outputs, the out puts are disabled immediately. if the short was removed, the de vice activates again. over temperature protection thermal protection on the PAM8406 prevents the device from damage w hen the internal die temperature exceeds +150c. there is a 15 degree tolerance on this trip point from device to device. once the die temperature exceeds the thermal set point, the device outputs are disabled. this is not a latched fault. the thermal fault is cleared once the temper ature of the die is reduced by 30c. this large hysteresis will prevent motor boating sound well and the device begins normal operation at th is point without external system intervention.
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 11 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated ordering information part number part marking package type standard package PAM8406dr PAM8406 xatywwll sop-16 2500 units/tape&reel PAM8406er PAM8406 xatywwll sop-16(ep) 2500 units/tape&reel marking information
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 12 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated package outline dimensions (all dimensions in mm.) sop-16
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 13 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated package outline dimensions (all dimensions in mm.) sop-16(ep)
PAM8406 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 14 of 14 www.diodes.com march 2013 ? diodes incorporated PAM8406 a product line o f diodes incorporated important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries rese rve the right to make modifications, enhanc ements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to this document and any product descri bed herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability ari sing out of the application or use of this document or an y product described herein; neither does di odes incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or us er of this document or products described herein in such applica tions shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on diodes incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability w hatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthoriz ed sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes inco rporated products for any unintended or una uthorized application, customers shall i ndemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representativ es harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death a ssociated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign trademarks. this document is written in english but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. only the english version of t his document is the final and determinative format released by diodes incorporated. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical component s in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the chief executive offi cer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or syst ems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when proper ly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support devic e or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifi cations of their life support dev ices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-rel ated requirements concerning the ir products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or s ystems-related information or support that may be provided by diodes incorporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes incorporate d and its representatives against any damages arisi ng out of the use of diodes incorporated pr oducts in such safety-critical, life suppor t devices or systems. copyright ? 2012, diodes incorporated www.diodes.com

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